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Dorothea Erxleben
Dorothea Christiane Erxleben ''née'' Leporin (13 November 1715, Quedlinburg – 13 June 1762 in Quedlinburg) was the first female medical doctor in Germany.〔Schiebinger, L. (1990): "The Anatomy of Difference: Race and Sex in Eighteenth-Century Science", pg. 399, ''Eighteenth Century Studies'' 23(3) pgs. 387-405〕
Erxleben was instructed in medicine by her father from an early age.〔Sutherland, M. (1985): ''Women Who Teach in Universities'' (Trentham Books) pg. 118〕 The Italian scientist Laura Bassi's university professorship inspired Erxleben to fight for her right to practise medicine. In 1742 she published a tract arguing that women should be allowed to attend university.〔Offen, K. (2000): ''European Feminisms, 1700-1950: A Political History'' (Stanford University Press), pg. 43〕 In 1754, She was the first German women to receive a PhD.
After being admitted to study by a dispensation of Frederick the Great,〔 Erxleben received her M.D. from the University of Halle in 1754.〔 She went on to analyse the obstacles preventing women from studying, among them housekeeping and children.〔
==Personal life==
She was the mother of Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben. Erxleben and her brother, Christian Polycarp Leporin, studied basic science, Latin, and medicine with their father, Christian Polycarp Leporin.〔"Erxleben, Dorothea (1715–1762)." Encyclopedia.com. HighBeam Research, n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2014.〕〔Erxleben, -LSB-néeleporin-RSB-Dorothea(Christiana). (2005). In The Palgrave MacMillan dictionary of women's biography. Retrieved from http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/macdwb/erxleben_n%C3%A9e_leporin_dorothea_christiana/0〕 Her father was a physician at Quedlinburg in Prussia. She practiced medicine on poor people.〔 The idea of a women studying medicine was shocking at the time and a point was made that since women were not allowed to hold public office by law, they also shouldn’t practice medicine or need a medical degree. Three doctors of Quedlinburg accused her of quackery and demanded that she sit an examination. The rector of the University of Halle decided that practicing medicine was not the same as holding public office and allowed Erxleben to take her examination. She took her examinations and was given her degree on June 12, 1754.〔"Erxleben , Dorothea Christiana Leporin (1715 - 1762)." The Cambridge Dictionary of Scientists. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Credo Reference. Web. 24 November 2014.〕
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